Tyla Iacobucci

English 1001

Mr.Maxey

11 April 2020

                                                            Course Overall

            Overall, I enjoyed this course despite the challenges and difficult assignments I had to overcome. I believe the way things in this course were set up things flowed pretty nicely. Some of the things that I struggled with in this course were just trying to keep up with all of the different assignments and going back and fourth with the different essays got confusing. This was challenging for me because I sometimes got confused with all of the information and had to take time to collect all of my thoughts an things towards one assignment. I honestly think this impacted my writing by not completing my essays to the best of my ability. If I were able to just focus on one essay at a time and be done with it to start the next one would have been more effective for me just because the information was fresh in my mind and going back and fourth got very confusing. What I have found that worked for me is just writing things down such as my thoughts and information about one essay and just keeping my information labeled and organized so when the second draft or second assignment on that same thing comes around I already have my information. This helped me more than I thought! It kept me very organized.

            Over the time of being in this course, I really believe that my writing skills have improved. I have learned how to write many different kinds of essays. Ones that I was never introduced to before. I have learned how to correctly cite my sources and create a work cited page. These things have added to my strengths as a writer, which are being able to organize my thoughts and information and I also believe that I am able to develop a essay in decent amount of time. These are my biggest strengths because I have noticed in the past that these are the things that come easy to me. Other than that, I am really unsure about what my strengths are. These strengths have been shown in my writing for this course by, like I said before trying to keep up with all my assignments and the different essays with going back and fourth can be pretty confusing so I stay pretty organized and well put together with it all.

            One of our first essays was the Rhetorical Analysis essay. Personally, this essay was a bit difficult for me because there was a lot of different parts in this essay. This was basically breaking down an article that we have read but in different parts about the essay like for example the summary, purpose and things like that were things that I never did before so it was very new to me. What I learned from this was that there are lot more different kind of essays than just telling a story. Just completing the different parts of the essay was new to me because like I said I have never wrote an essay before like this. It was new experience that was very helpful because I did not know essays like this existed. What I learned most importantly about this essay is that they can be so much more than just telling a story or stating an opinion.

            What I struggled with the most in creating this essay was trying to separate the different parts. In some of them, I really felt like I was repeating myself over again and again but even though the questions and parts were all similar they were all very different and asking of different things and it was very hard for me to notice that while creating the essay but I realized it more after I was done. For example, at first I thought that the “overall” and the “conclusion” were the same and I thought it was very stupid to do both but then I realized that they are different and have a different purpose on the essay. On the other hand what I thought I did the best with is the summary. I have been writing summaries my whole life so this came very easy to me. After the essay was finished I realized I could have done better because now that its finished I understand it more than when it was being done.

            One of the second essays that we have done during this course is an Exploratory essay. Personally, this was my favorite essay.  I really enjoyed writing this because it helped me find out so many different things about my major that I was really unsure about. Once I found out that we got to do this essay on our major it changed my whole attitude and I actually wanted to do the work, it made me eager to learn more. You have to search and search until you find good, reliable information to go in your essay from different sources and that’s what makes this essay different from others. But it was very difficult to not take position in this essay because I wanted to state my opinion and what I knew so many different times. I honestly wanted to put the way I felt after things so many different times but I had to stop myself.

            Overall I think this is the essay that I did the best on. I did not struggle with much besides trying to not take position. Also I struggled with finding good reliable sources. This was problem for me because business is such a broad topic that it is really hard to narrow down and find good example to support you. Other than that things went pretty smoothly. Once I had all of the information it was easy for me to put it all together!

            One of the third type of essays that we did was a Research Essay and personally this was the most difficult! What I learned from this essay is that there is so much information out there and you have to sort through to find the reliable! This essay needs so much different kinds of information from so many different sources and I believe that’s what made it so difficult. Trying to find the right information to support your argument and make it stronger is what got to me because at some points in writing my essay I had to stop and take a break because it was just a lot to take on. Also with my topic being so broad there is so much information out there! This essay was also difficult for me to stay in one position because it had the same topic as our exploratory essay. I wanted so bad to state my opinion because it is my major but I had to keep reminding myself that my opinion is not what is going to persuade people, facts are!

            This essay felt like it took forever but once I was done, I felt really accomplished. Finding 10 reliable sources and making sure they were all reliable had to be the most difficult for me. But on the other hand, once I found the information it was not that hard for me to put it together. I am more of an organizing person and I think im good at transition throughout my essays, its just the initial start with finding all the information is what got to me.

            Our project at the end was a multimodal project. This was different from other forms of writing because there is hardly any writing at all, it is all media base. With only 5 slides that contain works while the other 15 contain pictures or videos only. I have never done one of these before so it was something I had to figure out. This project also came kind of fast, I was expecting it but it really came out of no where.  Everything about this project was new to me besides creating a slideshow! I mean who hasn’t done a power point before! But the requirements for this project is what was hard for me. When I first read the instructions it felt impossible. But once I got to work things came to me more easily.

            What I am currently struggling with the most is trying to get my voice over together, I have never done it before it its just weird but im sure I will be able to get the hang of it and use it other classes in the future. Finding media to use such as pictures and videos was not hard for me just putting them in the right places were, trying to find the exact picture without using words to get my point across was a little challenging but not much. I think that overall I have almost completed this project and it looks pretty good considering this is my very first one!

            In conclusion, after completing this course I just wish I knew how to organize better in the beginning. After getting halfway through the course I figured it out but I wish I would have known sooner. I am most proud of my exploratory essay because I think that is the one I had knew more about so I could complete it better compared to my other essays. I know that I will use the information from this class in my future courses because this is not my last English class and im sure they will expect the same kind of things. To future students, just try your best to stay organized! Things really add up fast and it is easy to fall behind!

Tyla Iacobucci

English 1001

Mr. Maxey

30 March 2020

                                                              Rough Draft 1

            Retail stores are DYING! This is the END to retail stores everywhere. Well… possibly. Put down your laptop and go try on those new shoes at the business near you!  According to thebalancesmb.com 8,139 stores have closed since 2017 and it could possibly be 12,000 by the end of the year. That is CRAZY! There needs to be a stop put to this. Small businesses are not surviving. Small businesses that could possibly be big one day, all with the help of some customers. Online shopping is killing retails stores. This is being called the “”retail apocalypse” says thebalancesmb.com, this is the continuing trend of Americans making purchases online. Consumers enjoy the freedom of shopping on their computer or phone and avoiding trips to a store.” Little do they know there are so many faults with online shopping, that it is really not worth it.

            Technology is playing a big part in our lives right now without us even knowing it. Shutting down all retail stores could change our lives, our environment and our day to day needs. Could you imagine how boring life would be with nothing outside but houses and factories. This could possibly cut out the whole idea of “shopping.” Shopping is walking around stores, trying on different things, testing different products and most importantly seeing the product first hand before even purchasing it. No lies, fakes, frauds, and no problems. Keeping retail stores alive should be the goal. So many stores have been shut down already that it would be ashame to shut down 12,000. Online shopping is not everything it seems.

When was the last time you shopped online? It is much easier than driving to the store and walking around, wasn’t it? Why get up and stop what you are doing when you can order whatever you want right from your couch! Also have it delivered in a couple days! This new shopping method is taking over, taking retail stores right out of business. According to CNBC, this is happening for the first time ever. People are turning to online shopping for everything such as electronics, clothes, shoes, furniture, accessories and anything else you can imagine. Some of these internet sites are starting to deliver, you can have your product delivered within 24 hours in some cases. For example, Apple. Apple will deliver to you for as low as 10 dollars, depending on your location! With things like this being available to you, why would you go to the store? This is what is convenient to most people, especially for people without cars or any type of transportation. It seems easy, new and improved but is it really? Is this really the best thing for all shopping to be online? All may seem well ,but this is not the best idea. Although online shopping has its pros they are followed by many cons.

Last updated by CNBC on April 3, 2019 at 2:34 PM, online shopping led by Amazon, which is one of the biggest online shopping websites hit a new milestone. The total market share of “non-store,” or online U.S. retail sales was higher than general merchandise sales for the first time in history, according to a report from the Commerce Department this week, says CNBC. In the beginning shopping online was just a trend and no one knew it would be taken this far. This is causing many stores to go out of business, especially small ones. Everywhere you look there is big clearance and mark downs sales everywhere! There is empty shops everywhere. according to statistics published earlier this year by the Local Data Company, the number of shops lying empty rose by 7,500 in 2018, says Forbes. This is putting a lot of people out of jobs, if these retail stores get no service they make no profit. This makes them unable to pay their employees. About four months ago reported by theguardian.com, Retailers have axed 85,000 jobs in the past year as weak consumer demand, rising costs and the switch to online shopping. Leaving these people stuck to find new jobs that may not even be possible. As of today there are millions of stores in the United States that employee many people, support many families and are a lot of peoples only source of income. Online shopping is eliminated so many jobs its unreal. Not just one or two but hundreds of people word for these retail stores, whether it be a big company or a small business this is unfair. Many people are suffering from this horrible transition.

This is a big problem in the United States, we are all turning towards the internet for everything. Not everyone has access to the internet and this is creating a problem. People that are from a early day in age, are not use to this. At the rate we are moving in, all stores could be eliminated completely. Forcing everyone to use the online stores. This may seem convenient for some but not everyone. People need their jobs back!

Businesses are suffering from the internet. Online shopping is taking over the United states. This is causing many problems that you may be unaware of when you click checkout and enter your debit card number. Not only does online shopping cause many people to lose their jobs and be unemployed but it also downplays and up plays products. This is causing businesses to shut down because people are turning to the internet for all sorts of things. Instead shopping at a store and seeing the product before purchasing, people are ordering things online and not knowing honestly what quality they are buying. Only thing that is available to you online are pictures that might not even be accurate. When shopping for a product online you do not get the full effect. When you purchase a item you want it to be what it is supposed to be but when it comes to online that is not always true. Shopping online also comes with returning things that way to, which is a pain. According to zoovu.com consumers hate dealing with returns just as much as retailers or brand manufacturers do. They refuse to buy a product online if they cannot capture it mentally or cannot imagine how it will look like once unpacked. Not applying the right description, can really cause problems.

Ordering online is not everything it seems. Have you ever looked online, found a good price and ordered the product and it comes in the mail nothing like you thought? This is what is putting businesses out of business. Online shopping does not compare to walking around a shop physically. For example boredpanda.com provides Thought you had ordered a TV stand for an outrageously good price? It turns out it’s for a dollhouse. Bought a fabulous prom dress? Don’t get too excited, because it will probably look like a potato sack says the article. These type of things should not be a issue, when you can easily drive to your local store and know exactly what you are purchasing. There so many different cases of people ordering products offline and they end up looking the total opposite of what it is really supposed to be.

A lot of websites are unreliable. So why rely on online shops when you can easily tale a trip to get it yourself. Purchasing items in store can create less problems for not only you but businesses, employees that are working there. Start supporting businesses physically in person to help them grow. Online shopping creates issues that can really cause hassels.

Have you ever been scammed before? Found something you really wanted online and ordered it but it never came? Well I know I have and it is something really easy to fall for. There are over millions of websites out there, trying to sell so many different products and it is so easy to slip up. “While many online sellers are legitimate, unfortunately scammers can use the anonymous nature of the internet to rip off unsuspecting shoppers.” says scamwatch.gov. They promote just like a real business, have pop up ads, and also set their websites up to look identical to real ones. But there are things you need to look for before entering your credit card number. Browsing the internet can be a very unsafe place for not only adults but for children also. So why depend on it for shopping when you can easily go shop at your local businesses to meet your needs. This avoids being scammed at all cost, and providing business to all small business owners. Getting your money stolen is not worth it!

            According to AARP Real Possibilities scammers will sometimes sell you a bogus product. “Some of these copycats do deliver merchandise — shoddy knockoffs worth less than even the “discount” price you mistook for a once-in-a-lifetime deal on, say, Tiffany watches or Timberland boots.” These scammers will tell you a product is worth more than what they bought it for just by saying it is an expensive brand. All just to get money out of you. AARP explains how these scammers get the most people during holidays, they do this by sending links that are fake, emails and pop up adds. People are so busy with the holidays they don’t even bother to check things such as the URL and things to ensure them that the site is safe so they can provide their personal information. That is what is important, these are the things you need to check before applying any personal information. It is sad because a lot of people don’t even know what they are looking for when checking this.

            Shopping online runs you the risk of so many different frauds and negative impacts for no reason when you can safely shop at a store near you.  People set up fake websites and lie to pretend they are a compony they aren’t. According to scamnet.gov many fake sites have been shut down just in the past year or two. For example back in January of 2020 a fake Nike site was shut down by WA scamnet and the scary thing is, is that it looks exactly like the legit Nike site on the front so any average would have fell for it. If these sites advertise good deals people will be interested and hop on the site fast. These are the reason businesses are getting shut down after a being open for years and years. People are automatically assuming online shopping is what to turn to but it puts you at risk. Support all businesses.

Although online shopping is causing many businesses problems all the way down to shutting completely down it is understandable how people would rather just order their products without leaving the house. Just a few clicks and you’re done! All shoppers need to know what this is doing to our business owners though. Just only shopping can cause issues, so why not do both. Although online shopping is so much easier, try to get out once in a while to support a business. Think of other people, not everyone shops online and not everyone has access to the internet. So many businesses are shutting down around the world and just a little support could save them! I mean we all know how easy and convenient it is to look outside and see the package sitting there that you didn’t even have to go get, you got to spend your time doing something else while it was on its way. It is so easy! This could damage companies as a whole though, already so many have been shut down and were on the road to more! It is going from small businesses to large businesses very quickly. This can cause not only stores but factories too. If no factories no shopping and also no online shopping. This is a problem we can all fix, being lazy is fun but is it not really worth it. So here is a solution, order a few things online but also take the time to walk around a store sometimes, it is very beneficial.

In conclusion, online shopping is shutting down retails stores and it is happening fast. Everywhere you look there are huge sales going on and final closing signs. The cause of this is people would rather just order their product online so it can be delivered to your house and be done in 5 minutes instead of taking to time to actually walk around a store or a mall. This is having a huge impact on businesses, especially the smaller ones that are just starting out. The small businesses are receiving no support to get possibly get big! People have become lazy! According to optinmonster.com, over 91% of the worlds population shops online. “Online shopping is growing so fast that the global online shopping market size is predicted to hit 4 trillion in 2020. And in the US alone, we’re expecting to have 300 million online shoppers in 2023. That’s 91% of the entire country’s population!” That is a lot! But people do not realize what it is doing to business owners and jobs. This is completely wiping them out. This isn’t even future business owners a chance. Stop being lazy and go shop!

Work Cited

Farfan, Barbara. “Why Retail Companies Are Closing Stores.” The Balance Small Business, The Balance Small Business, 5 Aug. 2019,https://www.thebalancesmb.com/all-us-store-closings-2891888

Krooney. “Online Shopping Overtakes a Major Part of Retail for the First Time Ever.” CNBC, CNBC, 3 Apr. 2019,https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/02/online-shopping-officially-overtakes-brick-and-mortar-retail-for-the-first-time-ever.html

Clawson, Trevor. “Online Shopping Is Killing Physical Stores – Can A Digital Platform Come To The Rescue?” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 29 July 2019,https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevorclawson/2019/07/28/online-shopping-is-killing-physical-stores-can-a-digital-platform-come-to-the-rescue/#58099b3e7472

Butler, Sarah. “Retailers Cut 85,000 Jobs in Past Year.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 23 Oct. 2019,https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/oct/24/retailers-cut-85000-jobs-in-past-year

Editor We are a collective of e-commerce aficionados, et al. “Solve the 7 Biggest Problems of Online Shoppers.” Zoovu Blog, 16 July 2019,https://zoovu.com/blog/solve-the-5-biggest-problems-of-online-shoppers/

Jaruševičiūtė, Greta. “61 People Who Deeply Regret Their Online Purchases.” Bored Panda, Bored Panda, 17 May 2019,https://www.boredpanda.com/funny-online-shopping-fails/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=organic

Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. “Online Shopping Scams.” Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 4 Jan. 2018,https://www.scamwatch.gov.au/types-of-scams/buying-or-selling/online-shopping-scams

Aarp, and Aarp. “Fake Stores, Imposters and Other Online Shopping Scams.” ,https://www.aarp.org/money/scams-fraud/info-2019/online-shopping.html

Scamnet, http://www.scamnet.wa.gov.au/scamnet/Scam_types-,https://www.scamnet.wa.gov.au/scamnet/Scam_types-Buying_or_selling-Online_shopping_scams.htm

Ouellette, et al. “Online Shopping Statistics You Need to Know in 2020.” OptinMonster, 3 Jan. 2020,https://optinmonster.com/online-shopping-statistics/

Tyla Iacobucci 

ENG 1001 – 027  

Exploratory Essay-Rough Draft 1 

27 February 2020 

      Rough Draft 1  

Do you know what an administrative manager is? That is kind of a big word isn’t it? An administrative manager plans, directs, and coordinates supportive services of an organization. Their specific responsibilities vary, but administrative service managers typically maintain facilities and supervise activities. Administrative Managers supervise administrative team members and ensure that daily office operations are performed in an easy and efficient way. Also, in this career you will train, hire and evaluate your team. You will be going through this process to pick the people you want on your team; you manage the team and the facility that you hire into your office. You’re in charge of making the facility run properly, developing and improving policies and procedures, set budgets, know how to create schedules, collecting and restoring information by using technology, and track progress towards company goals. You must know how to be persistent and be a manger not a friend. You must know your boundaries and make sure it is clear that you’re in charge to run the company properly.  How’s the pay? What is the work environment like?  How many jobs are available? What are the hours? What education is required? What training is required?  Are you required to travel? What is the job outlook like?  What are the benefits? What are the advantages? Does this open up new job opportunities? Could you start your own business? 

According to the U.S. Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics “administrative services managers plan, coordinate, and direct a broad range of services that allow organizations to operate efficiently.”  Overall, the pay in this field is well…” The median annual wage for administrative services managers was $96,180 in May 2018.” At the least starting at $55,000 and the highest being $165,470. The education that is required to pursue this career and be able to make this annual wage is a bachelor’s degree. “A bachelor’s degree is typically required for someone to become an administrative services manager. Those with a bachelor’s degree typically study business, engineering, facility management, or information management.” according to labor statistics. Not only do you need an education to go into this field, but a lot of companies require you to have some training/experience before they consider hiring you. You must have related work experience with leadership and manager abilities. “Facility managers should be experienced in business operations, project management, and building maintenance, for example as a general maintenance and repair worker or a cost estimator.” according to labor statistics. There is really no licensure required but to be licensed it will open more opportunities. “Although it is not required, completing a certification program may give prospective job candidates an advantage.”  Jobs will look at you as if you took the extra mile to get the job, more education equals better opportunities. 

The newspaper article that was published on February 23, 2020, “Restaurant owner’s success keys on offering Lincoln diners’ new concepts” by Lincoln Journal Star (NE) Author: SHELLY KULHANEK Lincoln Journal Star is about a new business owner named Hui Guo. He started his own business in 2017 and to this day has opened a total of four restaurants under the name “Grey Whale.” and he started with just a degree in business management. So, this leads back to the question “Can you take this degree far?” Absolutely! This degree could possibly put you on so many different paths not only working for hospitals, restaurants, factories, but also starting your own business and running your own. This opens so many different opportunities instead of just doing one thing for the rest of your life you have the option to go to multiple different careers. To work for a company or for a business there is no licenses required, only if you want to open your own. But in order to open your own business you will need to get licensed in whatever state you wish to open and everywhere it is different! Depending on where and what the business is you have to go through different things, but it could be done in a few simple steps! Working in the business industry can take you so many different directions, it doesn’t just tie you down to one! Everything is depending on you with this degree! 

According to a trade publication by the name of “A Bright Outlook” by Moss Desda in 2017 the business management outlook is growing fast and doing very well. “The world’s largest association grew 289,000 members” and that’s a lot! Business is such a broad subject and can be taken anywhere. You can work in many different departments and many different things in the world of careers and its crazy how fast it is growing! For example, in the publication it mentions management for “Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM)” which is another available management position in this career. Also, in management the benefits are really good and provide you with a great retirement plan depending on the company. For example, in the text a CEO of the Society for Human Resources is retiring into a great retirement and now I get to do the things that he loves to do every day. He put his time into the company and now that he is finished, he gets to enjoy the rest of his life. He gets to spend time with his grandchildren, go cycling, volunteer work, and help out young African American men on the right path. Working to get into a management position at a job and putting in your time and dedication into it, it pays off in the long run. This career is a great choice when it comes to benefits and retirement.   

The academic journal that was released by The Harvard Business News called “Long Hours Backfire for People and for Companies” by Sarah Green Carmichael on August 19, 2015. This journal states how business managers work long exhausting hours. With every company it is different, but most managers work forty hours plus a week. Although this is rough and a lot of hours being in charge and managing a company is a lot of work and takes a lot of patience. It also states how working these many hours can somewhat not be good for you. In the text it says, “Work too hard and you also lose sight of the bigger picture.” this may cause family issues and other things where you just get lost in the weeds at work and your work life interferes with you home life. When becoming a manger and taking on that responsibility you must know when you stop and breathe. Just take time for yourself. Working more hours isn’t always what’s best. Which this leads back to pay. Most managers work on salary. This means you get payed the same amount every week no matter how many hours you work. You have a fixed pay so no matter what at the end of the year you will make the same amount. So, when becoming a manager, you need to know what you’re getting into the hours may work for some but not for all. 

According to an article by administrationjobs.com, administrative managers environment is usually an office setting, sometime travel to other offices but that changes depending on the company. The day to day task is monitoring and office and managing things to make sure it is being ran smoothly. You’re responsible for solving problems, helping employees with their problems and making most of the decisions for the company. Also responsible for a lot of the money that the company has, like making decisions towards what is next. For example, the text states “The modern business environment requires constant monitoring and informed decision-making in order to function at peak efficiency.” Sometimes with different companies you might have to travel to other business to manage while other managers are out on vacation, sick, or while being pulled for training. Administrative managers are responsible for almost everything that goes on in the office “no matter what type of organization.  These jobs include planning, budgeting, staffing, organizing, directing, and quality control.” Being the manager of a company holds a lot of responsibility and weight. Being able to transition from your home office to other offices with different people can be hard sometimes and sometimes it can be stressful. These responsibilities can be really hard because it not only involves making tough decisions, but it involves money that some people would feel uncomfortable handling. This job holds high stress levels so it’s not for everyone. 

In conclusion, business administrators hold a lot of weight on their shoulders. This career can be one of the most stressful just because there are so many task and things that need to be done in one day and also so many people depend on you. If you have a low tolerance or are not a people person, I would not recommend this job. You are constantly working with other people. I also would not recommend this job if you do not like working in an office setting, you’re also in an office no matter what, even when you travel. I believe this job best fits me because I am a people person, I know how to talk to people, office settings are not a problem for me and most importantly can handle multiple different task at one time. What is challenging about this career is that you have a people depending on you and a company to make some decision for. With this job everything is not about you, you have to speak for other also. You have to decide for a whole company not just for one person. Not many people can handle that weight but if you think you can I think everyone that is entering this field should give it a shot.I could almost find everything on this major but the one thing that was hard for me was finding the right kind of source that answered the questions I was looking for. That part was very difficult for me because I also did not know that there were so many different kinds of sources. Overall, this seems like a very interesting career to go into. I feel like I could do very well in this field, and I will work my hardest to pursue these dreams! 

         Work Cited 

United States. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics  ”Administrative Management” BLS. 6 Dec.2019. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/management/administrative-services-managers.htm#tab-2 

Desda, Moss. A Bright Outlook. Vol.1. No.1. 2017. https://search-proquest-com.proxy.libraries.uc.edu/docview/1944212933/fulltext/889DD75F5FC42FDPQ/1?accountid=2909 

Carmichael, Sarah. “Hardvard Business Review.” “Long hours backfire for people and Companies.” August. 2015. 

https://hbr.org/2015/08/the-research-is-clear-long-hours-backfire-for-people-and-for-companies

“Business Administration Careers” 

Business Administration Careers

KULHANEK, SHELLY. “Restaurant Owner’s Success Keys on Offering Lincoln Diners New Concepts.” https://infoweb-newsbank-com.proxy.libraries.uc.edu/apps/news/document-view? 

Tyla Iacobucci 

ENG 1001 – 027 

Rhetorical Analysis – Rough Draft 2 

12 February 2020  

About “Inventing the University” 

1. Summary  

In the article “Inventing the University” by David Bartholomae, starts off by stating how students change the way they write depending on their audience. When students sit down to write for the University, they must speak their “language,” create something that fits the discourse of their community. Meaning as students write they may not know the subject, but they must invent it for the time being. Use your imagination to create something on the valid topic. To spend years at the University you must learn a variety of different voices and languages to meet the requirements of the writing. Students must adapt to the topic of any essay and write about it to the best of their ability. Bartholomae then provides examples of students doing so, to see the different errors that can be made.   

Every student writes in their own way, whether it be a beginner writer or an expert writer, mistakes are easy to be made. In the article, Bartholomae analyzes two essays, one by a beginner and one by an expert. The biggest mistake that Bartholomae mentions is how in one of the articles the author got lost in their own words explaining things but not exactly staying on topic, jumping all over the place, possibly losing the audience. This can very easily happen, especially when you’re unsure with what you’re writing. Being well educated on your topic is important to creating all writing. Remember to re-read your own writing to make sure it makes sense and you’re staying on track. 

1. Purpose/Audience  

This is an informative article that shows and gives examples of how students adapt to new ideas, languages and credentials by simply writing a paper. The point that the author is trying to get across is very clear and well explained in the first paragraph of this article. Reading this article really made me open my eyes as a writer, because I never really thought about reinventing what I am writing about in my head. I never thought that it was deeper than just writing what was asked of me but now I know there is so much more. I know that this will help me become a better writer and help me take on writing with a whole new mindset. This article was made for beginner writers, just like me, to show the audience there is so much more to writing then just getting a grade. “What our beginning students need to learn is to extend them-selves into the commonplaces, set phrases, rituals, gestures, etc…” (11) Is an example of who Bartholomae is essentially writing to, “beginning students” is used multiple times in the text. 

2. Content Analysis  

 Bartholomae explains how students are not being able to write very effective papers or being able to write to the best of their ability because lack of knowledge towards a subject.  The author shapes his content around giving examples and explaining the errors for each of his examples, to provide enough information to get his point across to the audience. Bartholomae mainly wrote this for beginner writers such as me and you, to give us a better understanding that everyone makes mistakes even the experts. Despite all the good information this article provides it was very hard for me to not get confused, by the way things are worded and all the different directions the main topic could go. This disturbed me because I had to keep going back and reread some things until it became clearer to me. 

3. Organization, Language, and Style  

The style of this article is and Rogerian argument. First by stating the problem then leads on to show evidence and examples to support to the problem. With an academic and serious tone to get the point across to the audience. The tone of the article did not take away from the meaning, but the vocabulary and the way things are worded does. Personally, I had to go back over and reread some parts of this article just to properly understand. The vocabulary was difficult and distracts the purpose and meaning. This article is deductive that claims the problem first then shows the proof. 

4. Evidence  

I think that the Bartholomae is mainly relying on pathos as he explains his opinion of this subject. In this article the author uses more of his beliefs and observations on writing than actual data or authority. For example, Bartholomae says “There are ways, I think, that a writer can shape history in the very act of writing.” Just in this sentence the author uses words such as “I think” to state his opinion on the topic. The author relied more on his assertions than evidence, instead of stating facts and data Bartholomae relies mainly on the examples that he provides. I think if David provided more actual facts and data the article could be stronger and more convincing to the reader. 

5. Overall  

After reading the article “Inventing the University” by David Bartholomae I have learned that it is a very well written informative article on the way college students adapt their writing to different situations. The intention of this publication is to inform new unexperienced writers on the different mistakes and the difference between expert writers and beginners. This article goes into great detail to inform the writer to the best of their ability. My overall feeling is that Bartholomae should have included actual facts and data to help support his main idea. I also feel that the article could have been worded better, the language took away from the meaning. Overall, Bartholomae covered many different points and examples, so I enjoyed reading this piece. 

1.  Conclusion  

In conclusion, this relates to me as a University student because this makes me have a totally different outlook on writing. As I grow as a writer, I will think about this essay and remind myself how important it is think deeper into the topic than what it really is. I have so much to improve on as I write throughout my life, I will always remember to dig deeper and to remember that mistakes are okay. This article was very interesting to read, just took me a little while to understand it.  

Work Cited 

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the university.” Journal of Basic Writing,vol. 5, no. 1, 1986, pp. 4-23. 

Tyla Iacobucci 

ENG 1001 –027 

Rhetorical Analysis – Rough Draft 1 

10 February 2020 

        About Inventing the University 

1. Introduction 

Have you ever thought about writing? Not just picking up your pencil and writing something out. But like really thinking about what you write and the story you are telling. Whether it be informative, for entertainment, or to argue, all writing has a different language and a different meaning if you really think about it. When you’re given a topic to write about you are recreating what happened or how you feel towards the situation or maybe even to inform someone on something they did not know! Writing is deeper than just picking up your pencil, don’t just write it, think it! 

1. Summary  

In the article “Inventing the University” by David Bartholomae, starts off by stating how students change the way they write depending on their audience. When students sit down to write for the University, they must speak their “language,” create something that fits the discourse of their community. Meaning as students write they may not know the subject, but they must invent it for the time being. Use your imagination to create something on the valid topic. To spend years at the University you must learn a variety of different voices and languages to meet the requirements of the writing. Students must adapt to the topic of any essay and write about it to the best of their ability. Bartholomae then provides examples of students doing so, to see the different errors that can be made.   

Every student writes in their own way, whether it be a beginner writer or an expert writer, mistakes are easy to be made. In the article, Bartholomae analyzes two essays, one by a beginner and one by an expert. The biggest mistake that Bartholomae mentions is how in one of the articles the author got lost in their own words explaining things but not exactly staying on topic, jumping all over the place, possibly losing the audience. This can very easily happen, especially when you’re unsure with what you’re writing. Being well educated on your topic is important to creating all writing. Remember to re-read your own writing to make sure it makes sense and you’re staying on track. 

1. Purpose/Audience  

This is an informative article that shows and gives examples of how students adapt to new ideas, languages and credentials by simply writing a paper. The point that the author is trying to get across is very clear and well explained in the first paragraph of this article. Reading this article really made me open my eyes as a writer, because I never really thought about reinventing what I am writing about in my head. I never thought that it was deeper than just writing what was asked of me but now I know there is so much more. I know that this will help me become a better writer and help me take on writing with a whole new mindset. This article was made for beginner writers, just like me, to show the audience there is so much more to writing then just getting a grade. 

2. Content Analysis  

 Bartholomae explains how students are not being able to write very effective papers or being able to write to the best of their ability because lack of knowledge towards a subject.  The author shapes his content around giving examples and explaining the errors for each of his examples, to provide enough information to get his point across to the audience. Bartholomae mainly wrote this for beginner writers such as me and you, to give us a better understanding that everyone makes mistakes even the experts. Despite all the good information this article provides it was very hard for me to not get confused, by the way things are worded and all the different directions the main topic could go. This bothered me because I had to keep going back and reread some things until it became clearer to me. 

3. Organization, Language, and Style  

The style of this article is and Rogerian argument. First by stating the problem then leads on to show evidence and examples to support to the problem. With an academic and serious tone to get the point across to the audience. The tone of the article did not take away from the meaning, but the vocabulary and the way things are worded does. Personally, I had to go back over and reread some parts of this article just to properly understand. The vocabulary was difficult and distracts the purpose and meaning. This article is deductive that claims the problem first then shows the proof. 

4. Evidence  

I think that the Bartholomae is mainly relying on pathos as he explains his opinion of this subject. In this article the author uses more of his beliefs and observations on writing than actual data or authority. For example, Bartholomae says “There are ways, I think, that a writer can shape history in the very act of writing.” Just in this sentence the author uses words such as “I think” to state his opinion on the topic. The author relied more on his assertions than evidence, instead of stating facts and data Bartholomae relies mainly on the examples that he provides. I think if David provided more actual facts and data the article could be stronger and more convincing to the reader. 

5. Overall  

After reading the article “Inventing the University” by David Bartholomae I have learned that it is a very well written informative article on the way college students adapt their writing to different situations. The intention of this publication is to inform new unexperienced writers on the different mistakes and the difference between expert writers and beginners. This article goes into great detail to inform the writer to the best of their ability. My overall feeling is that Bartholomae should have included actual facts and data to help support his main idea. I also feel that the article could have been worded better, the language took away from the meaning. Overall, Bartholomae covered many different points and examples, so I enjoyed reading this piece. 

2.  Conclusion  

In conclusion, this relates to me as a University student because this makes me have a totally different outlook on writing. As I grow as a writer, I will think about this essay and remind myself how important it is think deeper into the topic than what it really is. I have so much to improve on as I write throughout my life I will always remember to dig deeper and to remember that mistakes are okay. This article was very interesting to read, just took me a little while to understand it.  

 Work Cited 

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the university.” Journal of Basic Writing,vol. 5, no. 1, 1986, pp. 4-23. 

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